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Physical / electrical concepts

CMOS pair / totem-pole output

A P-MOSFET stacked on top of an N-MOSFET. The combination can drive the pin to either VCC or GND. Standard output stage for SPI and almost all modern digital pins.

How it looks

Drawing
A P-MOSFET STACKED ON AN N-MOSFET3.3 Vground 0 VP (top)N (bottom)outputgates driven together
Drawn as two switches. Only one is ever on.

How it works

ONE INPUT, TWO SWITCHES3.3 Vground 0 VP onN offoutputHIGHP offN onoutputLOW

Where it fits

Built from N and P MOSFETs; letting both go gives Hi-Z.

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