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Physical / electrical concepts

EMI

ElectroMagnetic Interference — noise radiated by or picked up by a circuit.

How it looks

Real geometry: CORE3588 copper, drawn from our board file (2D plan view)
15 mm
Bottom edge of CORE3588, top copper, 24 x 13 mm. The square of pads is the ESP32-C3 Wi-Fi module. This is the one place where the board is meant to radiate; everywhere else, radiation is interference to keep down.

How it works

A SIGNAL LOOP SEEN FROM ABOVEsignal outreturn pathbig loop: it works like a radio antennareturn right under the track (ground plane): tiny loop, little radiationFCC (US) and CE (Europe) limit how much a product may emit

Where it fits

EMI is the outward face of signal integrity: the same broken return paths cause both. The ground plane and differential pairs are the main defences; ESD is a related but separate threat.

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